An artist belonging to the Penobscot, a North American Indigenous Nation from the Northeastern Woodlands region, crafted this remarkable powder horn, or áhαlαn. The Penobscot are presently organized as a federally recognized tribe in Maine and as a First Nations band government in the Atlantic provinces and Quebec, Canada. As Penobscot people adopted the European technology of muzzle-loading muskets in the 17th century, they also began to use powder flasks to carry gunpowder. Typically made from hollowed cow horns, these containers served the practical purpose of keeping gunpowder dry, but were also incised with elaborate designs and exchanged as gifts. Since this practice was part of military life for both Native and non-Native men, it can sometimes be difficult to discern whether certain powder horns are Indigenous or European. The designs on this powder horn show its connections to Eastern Woodlands artistic traditions. Penobscot powder horns feature distinctive geometric patterns, known to the Penobscot as peskʷáhsawek, meaning “flower” or “blossom.” These patterns, particularly the double-curve motif seen here, are commonly found in various Penobscot and Eastern Woodlands art forms. The double curves along the sides may express the importance of balance and alliance, particularly during times of war.