Platform Rocking Chair

Maker: Unknown, Title: Watch Chain, DoC 1849, San Francisco, CA, Gold, Illinois State Museum, 2005.651, Metalwork
Maker Unknown
Title Platform Rocking Chair
Date of Creation c. 1900
Location Used in Springfield, IL
Materials Oak
Institution Illinois State Museum
Credit Line Gift of the Smith & Phelps family
Accession Number 2009.24.2
Photo Credit Illinois State Museum, Dannyl Dolder
Category Furniture

This platform rocker belonged to Ella and Tom Richardson, respected members of the African American community in Springfield, IL. Ella came to Springfield from Oxford, MS, and married Tom in 1897. She sold canary birds and kept house. Tom worked for the Springfield Produce Company. In 1908, Tom’s brother George was falsely accused of assaulting a white woman. An angry mob’s demand for vengeance ultimately led to the Springfield Race Riot, during which two Black citizens of Springfield were lynched and dozens of Black homes and businesses were destroyed. This platform rocker sat in Ella and Tom’s house on Springfield’s East Side when an angry mob showed up at the door on August 15, 1908, and threatened to burn down their house. Although the threat was not carried out, the Richardsons were forced to flee the safety of their home three days later when a band of white men accosted Tom Richardson on the street. The family took a train to Mississippi, where they stayed with relatives until they felt safe enough to return to Springfield.